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All about Periods

What is a 'Period' and what is a menstrual cycle?

A period is when you bleed from your uterus in your vagina each month. Periods are a very natural part of a female menstrual cycles. The average length of a period is three to seven days.

A period happens because of changes in hormones in the body. Hormones are chemical messengers. The ovaries release the female hormones, estrogenand progesterone which cause the lining of the uterus (or womb) to build up. The built-up lining is ready for a fertilized egg (an egg that has joined with a sperm) to attach to and develop into a baby. If there is no fertilized egg, the lining breaks down and bleeds. Then the same process happens all over again. It usually takes about a month for the lining to build up, then break down. That is why most females get their periods around once a month.

A menstrual cycle refers to the first day of your period to the day before your next period starts. The cycle can be different for women but the average length of a menstrual cycle is 28 days.

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What age do you get your periods?

Most girls get their first period when they're around 12. but can occur be earlier and for some signficantly later.

Every girl's body has its own schedule.There isn't one right age for a girl to get her period.

Usually there are some signs in your body before the periods start including

-breasts starting to develop (periods usually start about 2 years after this)

-hair growing under a girl's arms and in her private parts

-seeing or feeling vaginal discharge fluid (sort of like mucus), which usually begins about 6 months to a year before a girl gets her first period

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How much blood do you lose during your period?

It may look like a lot of blood, but a girl usually only loses a few tablespoons of blood during the whole period. Most girls need to change their pad, tampon, or menstrual cup about 3‒6 times a day.

About one in four women have heavy periods (more significant  blood loss throughout your period).

Your periods may be considered heavy if:

-you need to change your period product every two hours or less because they are too heavy with blood

-you need to change your period product you are using overnight

- you have blood clots in your blood loss which you notice are bigger than a 50 cent coin

- your periods last eight or more days

- your periods blood flow stops you from doing activities you could normally do.

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What are the symptoms?

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How often do you get your periods?

For the first few years after a girl starts her period, it might not come regularly. This is normal at first. By about 2–3 years after her first period, a girl's periods should be coming around once every 4–5 weeks.

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What are the treatments for the symptoms?

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What help can I get if I need help with my symptoms?

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What products are on the market for periods

You have many choices about how to deal with period blood. You may need to experiment a bit to find which works best for you. Some girls use only one method and others switch between different methods. Most girls use pads when they first get their period. Pads are made of cotton and come in lots of different sizes and shapes. They have sticky strips that attach to the underwear.'

Many girls find tampons more convenient than pads, especially when playing sports or swimming. A tampon is a cotton plug that you put into your vagina. Most tampons come with an applicator that guides the tampon into place. The tampon absorbs the blood. Don't leave a tampon in for more than 8 hours because this can increase your risk of a serious infection called toxic shock syndrome. Some girls prefer a menstrual cup. Most are made of silicone. To use a menstrual cup, a girl inserts it into her vagina. It holds the blood until she empties it.

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When could I get pregnant?

A girl can get pregnant as soon as her period starts. There is potential for a girl to get pregnant right before her very first period because her hormones might already be active. The hormones may have led to ovulation and the building of the uterine wall already.

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What is PMS?

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What is PMD?

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Women's Wellness Hub Directory

Our Ambassador and Panel Members

red flag domestic violence

Beware

May 24, 20256 min read

10 Biggest Red Flags to Watch out for in Relationships

Dating someone new can be such a fun time in your life. Ideally, getting to know someone can be really exciting and establishing intimacy feels natural and easy. But for some people, as the relationship develops, you may start to notice little things that feel really “off”.

These uncomfortable behaviors—often called red flags—may start out small but can hint at future problems, so it’s important not to just ignore them or start to justify them. Everyone deserves to be in a relationship where they feel safe, respected, and valued — and that includes you.

What are red flags in a relationship?

Red flags in a relationship are warning signs that something might be wrong. Certain behaviors, actions, or attitudes might indicate a relationship is unhealthy or even harmful. They can be obvious, like physical abuse, or even subtle, like constant criticism.

Pay attention to these signals, because seeing unhealthy patterns before they become deeply ingrained can help you make choices that may prevent pain down the line.

Knowing what red flags to look out for can also help you make better choices about your relationship. You can decide whether to work on the issues with your partner or to end the relationship. No matter what you do, recognizing these signs can help you set boundaries and build healthier relationships in general. You’ll be able to recognize what's unacceptable so you can seek out partners who make you feel respected and valued.

10 biggest red flags

Recognizing red flags in a relationship is critical for your emotional and physical wellbeing, here are 10 of the most common ones to look out for.

1. They exhibit controlling behavior

This occurs when one partner tries to be in charge of the other’s actions, decisions, or interactions with others. 

  • Exercising control over your social circle: Dictating your friendships, or placing limits on family visits

  • Monitoring your activities including checking your phone, emails or social media accounts without your permission

  • Making decisions for your about your life, for example your study, your courses, job, how you spend your free time or

  • Financially controlling you so that you lose your financial independence and access to your own money such as not letting you work, making you transfer your income to the other persons account or paying off their debts for them, the always ask for a 'loan' which is never repaid, they monitor your spending and give you an allowance.

2. Dishonesty, sneakiness and stonewalling

When communication isn’t open and honest and when your partner refuses to talk about certain topics, that could be a red flag.

  • They refuse to discuss really important topics which impact you too, avoid conversations about feelings, future plans or problems in the relationship

  • They often give you the silent treatment, withdraw communication to punish or manipuate you, ghost you for periods of time to make you feel anxious

  • They dont value or respect that you have an opinion or belittle your input.

3. You receive constant criticism from them

  • Notice if your partner frequently puts you down, makes you feel like crap about yourself, or undermines your confidence. 

  • They make negative comments about your intelligence, looks, appearance, clothing choices.

  • They belitle your achievements downplaying or dismissing your successes and accomplishments

  • They make fun of your emotions or concerns

4. You’ve experienced abuse

Physical, mental and emotional harm a serious red flag that should never be ignored. For instance,

  • Harming you or threatening to harm you physically - including hitting, slapping, pushing, choking or any other form of physical violence

  • Stalking and monitoring you

  • Using guilt, fear or intimidation to control you

  • Yelling, name calling, defaming you

  • Sexually abusing you.

5. They have anger management issues

  • An inability to control anger, aggressive behaviour, which may be harmful and frightening.

  • Having frequent outburts, exploding in anger over minor issues or high conflict about things

  • Engaging in destructive behaviour such as throwing or breaking things

  • Making threats to harm you, your children, family, pets, your property

 

 6. You’ve experienced gaslighting

This occurs when an abuser makes you doubt your own reality or feelings. It can include:

Denying things that happened causing you to question your memory or insisting events or converstations never took place which can make you feel unsure about your recollections or perceptions. You feel like you might "be going crazy" or "losing your memory."

Blaming you for your actions by shifting responsibilty for bad behaviour onto you and guilt tripping you into believing you are to blame for something you are not responsible for.

7. They display secretive behavior or keep things from you

Hiding things from you or being overly private about certain aspects of their life can be a sign that something is wrong. This might include:

  • Not sharing their phone or computer or being overly sensitive, secretive or protective of their digital devices.

  • Being vague about their whereabouts, giving unclear answers about where they have been or what they are doing.

  • Keeping financial secrets including hiding money, borrowing money from you, running up debts including gambling debts, in your name or jointly, or making large purchases from joint funds without your prior consent.

8. They have a substance abuse issue

Substance abuse can severely impact your relationship or your partner’s ability to function normally. Especially if:

  • They are intoxicated regularly - drunk, high or under the influence more than being sober

  • Spending more time choosing substances than spending quality time with you

  • Illegal drugs are being delivered or stored in you home or property.

  • Spending excessive joint money on supporting their addiction.

9. They’re dishonest

Dishonest behaviors can undermine the fundamental trust in a relationship.

  • Lying about important things including hiding significant money, information or events from you

  • Regularly breaking promises and not following through on commitments

  • They avoid answering your questions directly or get angry for asking about the issue or inconsistency.

10. They exhibit extreme jealousy

  • While a little protectiveness may be normal, extreme jealousy can be toxic.

  • They frequently accuse you of flirting or cheating

  • They monitor where you are, who you are with, and why at all times

  • They put your friends and family down and try to isolate you from seeing people and attend events and guilt you into staying with them instead of socialising.

Pay attention to how your partner's behavior makes you feel. If you’re frequently unhappy or scared, it might be time to reassess the relationship. Talk to friends, family, or one of our psychologists to help you see red flags more clearly.

If you are concerned and need support to discuss your concerns and way forward, make an appointment today with one of our team:

www.familycounsellingsupportnetwork.com or www.separtionsupportnetwork.com

domestic violencered flagsseparation supportdivorce helpseparation helpcoercive controlhow to get help for violence
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