Welcome to the
Menopause refers to a single episode in a woman's life, her "last" period and the end of female reproduction . Menopause is confirmed when a woman has gone one full year without having a period. The day after that one-year mark, she's now postmenopausal yet people refer to it as menopause. Typically, this occurs around age 52 but the age range runs 40–60, with many who experience it earlier or later.
Although perimenopause is defined as the time before "the change," its starting point isn't so definitive. It's a nebulous concept and you enter into it gradually and come out of it gradually. So, there is no easy, identifying place of how or when it starts. It can last for 8-10 years
Perimenopause is a result of a woman's aging ovaries, specifically when the coordinated patterns of the hormones estrogen and progesterone begin to vary, throwing the delicate system out of balance. It may take a while to detect symptoms, with a period still evident (although possibly shorter in duration, not as regular for instance), and then you may start to notice other small changes or not until you suddenly do...
Perimenopause can start when a woman is in her 30s or 40s, but the 40s are more common. It typically lasts 6–10 years and the experience varies considerably for many.
Perimenopause is marked by a drop in estrogen which is the main female hormone produced by the ovaries. The estrogen levels can also go up and down more sporadically than they do in a typical 28-day cycle. This can cause irregular periods and other symptoms.
During the final stages of perimenopause, your body will produce less and less estrogen. Despite the sharp drop in estrogen, it’s still possible to get pregnant. Perimenopause can last for as little as a few months and as long as 4 years
.
Menopause officially kicks in when the ovaries produce so little estrogen that eggs are no longer released. This also causes your period to stop
.
Your doctor will diagnose menopause once you haven’t had a period for a full year.
You may enter menopause earlier than normal
if you:
have a family history of early menopause
are a smoker
have had a hysterectomy or oophorectomy
have undergone cancer treatments.
Can you tell by a blood test if I am in perimenopause?
Most people can tell by the symptoms that they've started menopause. If you have worries about irregular periods or hot flashes, talk with your healthcare professional.
Tests most often aren't needed to diagnose menopause. But sometimes, your healthcare professional may suggest blood tests to check your levels of:
Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and estrogen (estradiol).
FSHgoes up and estrogen goes down during menopause. Because hormones go up and down during perimenopause, it can be hard to tell from these tests whether you're in menopause.
Thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH). Overactive thyroid, called hyperthyroidism, can cause symptoms like those of menopause.
You can get home tests to check FSH levels in your urine without a prescription. The tests show whether you have higher FSH levels. This might mean that you're in perimenopause or menopause, But FSH levels rise and fall during your menstrual cycle. So home FSH tests can't really tell you whether you're in menopause.
When hormone levels begin to decline in the lead-up to menopause, every system that has hormone receptors registers the change, including your brain. Ongoing fluctuation in hormone levels during this time can cause a range of symptoms, which may vary greatly between women and even change over time. Symptoms can range from mild to severe, and while some women may not experience many symptoms, others may experience a variety of issues that can significantly impact their quality of life. Even minor symptoms can have a major effect, especially if they persist over time. The long-term effects of menopause include an increased risk of osteoporosis and cardiovascular disease. If you are experiencing symptoms, it is important to discuss them with your GP or gynaecologist to explore appropriate management strategies.
As estrogen levels drop, you might start experiencing symptoms of menopause. Some of these can occur while you’re still at the perimenopause stage.
night sweats
hot flashes
depression
anxiety
irritability and mood swings
insomnia
fatigue
dry skin
vaginal dryness
frequent urination
Perimenopause and menopause can also increase cholesterol levels. This is one reason why women in postmenopause are at an even higher risk for heart disease.
Continue to have your cholesterol levels measured at least once a year.
You don’t necessarily have to call your doctor to obtain a perimenopause or menopause diagnosis but you should see your your doctor if the symptoms of either perimenopause or menopause become severe enough to interfere with your daily life.
For a checklist on what to ask and discuss with your doctor, refer to our website at "What to discuss with your GP"
For details on Treatment options to ease your symptoms refer to our website "Treatment options"
There are various ways to treat the symptoms of menopause, again often depending on the severity of the symptoms. Lifestyle changes outlined on this website including strategies such as exercise, nutrition, stress reduction techniques, sleep help strategies often help many menopause symptoms but, subject to obtaining your own independent medical advice, the following prescription and over-the-counter (OTC) treatments may available for perimenopause and menopause.
Menopause treatments aim to ease symptoms and prevent or manage ongoing conditions that may happen with aging. Any treatment will depend on the person, their family history and medical background, the medication they are already having, their mental health, the severity of their symptoms and their own independent doctor's advice.
Below however are some of the more common treatments used to ease symptoms:
Hormone therapy.
Estrogen therapy works best for easing menopausal hot flashes. It also eases other menopause symptoms and slows bone loss.
Your healthcare professional may suggest estrogen in the lowest dose and for the time needed to relieve your symptoms. It's best used by people who are younger than 60 and within 10 years of the onset of menopause. If you still have your uterus, you'll need progestin with estrogen. Estrogen also helps prevent bone loss. Long-term use of hormone therapy may have some heart disease and breast cancer risks. But starting hormones around the time of menopause has shown benefits for some people. Talk with your healthcare professional about whether hormone therapy may be safe for you.
Vaginal estrogen.
To relieve vaginal dryness, you can apply estrogen to the vagina using a vaginal cream, tablet or ring. This treatment gives you a small amount of estrogen, which the vaginal tissues take in. It can help ease vaginal dryness, pain with intercourse and some urinary symptoms.
Medications to help prevent bone thinning osteoporosis.
Your healthcare professional might suggest medicine to prevent or treat osteoporosis. Several medicines can help reduce bone loss and risk of fractures. Your healthcare professional also might prescribe vitamin D supplements to help strengthen bones.
Oral contraceptives
Heavy or irregular periods and hot flashes may benefit from this medicine that evens out hormonal fluctuations.
Menopausal hormonal therapy
: (Formerly known as HRT) Like oral contraceptives, this is a low dose of hormones to supplement estrogen levels. It helps with hot flashes, night sweats, insomnia, emotional issues and vaginal dryness.
Low-dose antidepressants
Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) like Prozac may relieve hot flashes, mood swings and irritability by modifying the brain signals.
Counselling, Menopause Coaches, Psychologist
Brain fog, anxiety, depression, dependence on alcohol, sleep issues - cognitive behaviour and other talking therapy with a qualified psychologist
Lifestyle changes
A healthier diet with less animal fat and processed sugar, exercise, relaxation techniques such as meditation, yoga, and a consistent sleep schedule may relieve some of the symptoms, including weight gain, irritability and insomnia.
Vaginal lubricants
For vaginal irritations, use water-based vaginal lubricants or prescription vaginal creams
Allied health services and holistic integrative therapy
Acupuncture, naturopathy, breathwork, nutritionists, psychologists, counsellors, hypnosis, dermatologist, pelvic floor exercise support, yoga, thi chai mindfulness techniques and massages.
Talk with other people
Reach out and be open about it with others in your life and stay connected socially with people. Don't forget this affects 50% of the population and we can openly chat about our labours, pregnancy, periods etc!
Various supplements may be of help but there is unfortunately little evidence to prove:
Ginseng
St Johns Wart
Melatonin
Hot Flushes
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Night Sweats
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Sleep Disorders
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Mood Swings
Irritability
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Vaginal changes
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Low Libido
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Fatigue
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Weight Gain
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Muscle Tension
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Memory Loss
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Breast Pain & Tenderness
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Bloating
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Lack of Concentration
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skin issues
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Irregular Periods
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Hormonal Headaches
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Heart Palpitations
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Hair Loss
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Osteoporosis
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Panic Disorder
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Dizziness/faint
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Digestive Problems
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Burning Tongue
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Increased Allergies
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Sleep Disorders
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anxiety/depression
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Sleep Disorders
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digestive issues
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tinnitus
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dry, itchy eyes, ears, skin
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loss of confidence/self esteem
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quickly angered/rage
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10 Biggest Red Flags to Watch out for in Relationships
Dating someone new can be such a fun time in your life. Ideally, getting to know someone can be really exciting and establishing intimacy feels natural and easy. But for some people, as the relationship develops, you may start to notice little things that feel really “off”.
These uncomfortable behaviors—often called red flags—may start out small but can hint at future problems, so it’s important not to just ignore them or start to justify them. Everyone deserves to be in a relationship where they feel safe, respected, and valued — and that includes you.
What are red flags in a relationship?
Red flags in a relationship are warning signs that something might be wrong. Certain behaviors, actions, or attitudes might indicate a relationship is unhealthy or even harmful. They can be obvious, like physical abuse, or even subtle, like constant criticism.
Pay attention to these signals, because seeing unhealthy patterns before they become deeply ingrained can help you make choices that may prevent pain down the line.
Knowing what red flags to look out for can also help you make better choices about your relationship. You can decide whether to work on the issues with your partner or to end the relationship. No matter what you do, recognizing these signs can help you set boundaries and build healthier relationships in general. You’ll be able to recognize what's unacceptable so you can seek out partners who make you feel respected and valued.
10 biggest red flags
Recognizing red flags in a relationship is critical for your emotional and physical wellbeing, here are 10 of the most common ones to look out for.
1. They exhibit controlling behavior
This occurs when one partner tries to be in charge of the other’s actions, decisions, or interactions with others.
Exercising control over your social circle: Dictating your friendships, or placing limits on family visits
Monitoring your activities including checking your phone, emails or social media accounts without your permission
Making decisions for your about your life, for example your study, your courses, job, how you spend your free time or
Financially controlling you so that you lose your financial independence and access to your own money such as not letting you work, making you transfer your income to the other persons account or paying off their debts for them, the always ask for a 'loan' which is never repaid, they monitor your spending and give you an allowance.
2. Dishonesty, sneakiness and stonewalling
When communication isn’t open and honest and when your partner refuses to talk about certain topics, that could be a red flag.
They refuse to discuss really important topics which impact you too, avoid conversations about feelings, future plans or problems in the relationship
They often give you the silent treatment, withdraw communication to punish or manipuate you, ghost you for periods of time to make you feel anxious
They dont value or respect that you have an opinion or belittle your input.
3. You receive constant criticism from them
Notice if your partner frequently puts you down, makes you feel like crap about yourself, or undermines your confidence.
They make negative comments about your intelligence, looks, appearance, clothing choices.
They belitle your achievements downplaying or dismissing your successes and accomplishments
4. You’ve experienced abuse
Physical, mental and emotional harm a serious red flag that should never be ignored. For instance,
Harming you or threatening to harm you physically - including hitting, slapping, pushing, choking or any other form of physical violence
Stalking and monitoring you
Using guilt, fear or intimidation to control you
Yelling, name calling, defaming you
Sexually abusing you.
5. They have anger management issues
An inability to control anger, aggressive behaviour, which may be harmful and frightening.
Having frequent outburts, exploding in anger over minor issues or high conflict about things
Engaging in destructive behaviour such as throwing or breaking things
Making threats to harm you, your children, family, pets, your property
6. You’ve experienced gaslighting
This occurs when an abuser makes you doubt your own reality or feelings. It can include:
Denying things that happened causing you to question your memory or insisting events or converstations never took place which can make you feel unsure about your recollections or perceptions. You feel like you might "be going crazy" or "losing your memory."
Blaming you for your actions by shifting responsibilty for bad behaviour onto you and guilt tripping you into believing you are to blame for something you are not responsible for.
7. They display secretive behavior or keep things from you
Hiding things from you or being overly private about certain aspects of their life can be a sign that something is wrong. This might include:
Not sharing their phone or computer or being overly sensitive, secretive or protective of their digital devices.
Being vague about their whereabouts, giving unclear answers about where they have been or what they are doing.
Keeping financial secrets including hiding money, borrowing money from you, running up debts including gambling debts, in your name or jointly, or making large purchases from joint funds without your prior consent.
8. They have a substance abuse issue
Substance abuse can severely impact your relationship or your partner’s ability to function normally. Especially if:
They are intoxicated regularly - drunk, high or under the influence more than being sober
Spending more time choosing substances than spending quality time with you
Illegal drugs are being delivered or stored in you home or property.
Spending excessive joint money on supporting their addiction.
9. They’re dishonest
Dishonest behaviors can undermine the fundamental trust in a relationship.
Lying about important things including hiding significant money, information or events from you
Regularly breaking promises and not following through on commitments
They avoid answering your questions directly or get angry for asking about the issue or inconsistency.
10. They exhibit extreme jealousy
While a little protectiveness may be normal, extreme jealousy can be toxic.
They frequently accuse you of flirting or cheating
They monitor where you are, who you are with, and why at all times
They put your friends and family down and try to isolate you from seeing people and attend events and guilt you into staying with them instead of socialising.
Pay attention to how your partner's behavior makes you feel. If you’re frequently unhappy or scared, it might be time to reassess the relationship. Talk to friends, family, or one of our psychologists to help you see red flags more clearly.
If you are concerned and need support to discuss your concerns and way forward, make an appointment today with one of our team:
www.familycounsellingsupportnetwork.com or www.separtionsupportnetwork.com
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